Iran, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country located in Western Asia. It is the 18th largest country in the world by land area and has a population of over 83 million people, making it the 17th most populous country globally. Iran is known for its rich history, diverse culture, and significant influence in the Middle East.
Iran is bordered by seven countries: Iraq, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. It also has coastlines along the Caspian Sea to the north and the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to the south. The country’s terrain is diverse, with mountain ranges, deserts, and forests. The highest peak is Mount Damavand, standing at 5,610 meters.
Iran has a long and complex history that dates back to the Persian Empire’s establishment in the 6th century BC. It has been the center of several major empires and civilizations, contributing significantly to art, science, and culture. In 1979, the country underwent the Islamic Revolution, leading to the establishment of the current Islamic Republic.
Iran is an Islamic Republic, with a mixed political system of theocracy and republicanism. The Supreme Leader is the highest authority, while the President is the head of government. The country’s political structure also includes the Parliament, the Guardian Council, and the Assembly of Experts.
Iran has a mixed and transition economy with a large public sector. It is the world’s 18th largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country is rich in natural resources, with large reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Other important sectors include manufacturing, agriculture, and services.
Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the world, with historical and cultural influences from the Persian Empire. It is known for its literature, philosophy, art, architecture, music, and cuisine. The Persian New Year, Nowruz, is the country’s most important national event and a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Education in Iran is highly centralized, with the Ministry of Education overseeing the entire education system. The country has made significant progress in literacy rates and access to education, especially for women. Iran is also home to some of the top universities in the Middle East.
