Estonia, officially known as the Republic of Estonia, is a country located in Northern Europe. It is bordered by the Baltic Sea to the west, Latvia to the south, and Russia to the east. The country is known for its rich history, stunning landscapes, and advanced digital society. Estonia is a member of the United Nations, European Union, NATO, and the OECD.
Estonia is a flat country covering 45,227 square kilometers. It is characterized by many lakes, rivers, and forests, making it a haven for nature lovers. The country has a temperate seasonal climate, with warm summers and cold winters. Estonia’s highest point is the Suur Munamägi, standing at 318 meters above sea level.
As of 2021, Estonia has a population of approximately 1.3 million people. The country’s capital and largest city is Tallinn. The official language is Estonian, and the country’s ethnic composition is predominantly Estonian, with significant Russian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian minorities.
Estonia has a developed and high-income economy. It is often recognized as one of the most digital societies in the world, with online access to a wide range of government services. The country’s economy is largely based on the service sector, followed by industry and agriculture. Major industries include information technology, telecommunications, textiles, chemical products, banking, services, food and fishing, timber, shipbuilding, electronics, and transportation.
Estonian culture is a blend of Baltic and Scandinavian influences. The country has a rich folklore tradition, with ancient songs, dances, and tales. Estonia is also known for its architectural treasures, particularly the medieval buildings in Tallinn’s old town, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The country has a strong tradition of music, particularly choral singing, which played a key role in the national resistance against Soviet occupation.
Estonia’s education system is highly regarded internationally. The country consistently ranks high in PISA tests, outperforming many other European countries. Education is compulsory from ages 6 to 16, and the country offers free education at the primary and secondary levels. Estonia also has a number of universities offering a wide range of programs in English.
